hydrocephalus

The term hydrocephalus is obtained from the Greek words "hydro" meaning water and "Cephalus" means head. As the name implies, it is a condition in which the primary characteristic is excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain. Although hydrocephalus was once known as "water on the brain," "water" is actually cerebrospinal fluid or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - clear liquid that surrounds the brain and spinal marrow (spinal cord). Excessive accumulation of CSF results in an abnormal widening of spaces in the brain called ventricles. This widening creates potentially harmful pressure on brain tissues.

Ventricular system is made up of four ventricles connected by roads that narrow path. Normally, CSF flows through the ventricles, out into the Cistern, Cistern (closed spaces that serve as a reservoir-reservoir) at the base of the brain, soak the surfaces of the brain and spinal cord (bone marrow), and then absorbed back into the blood stream .

CSF has three functions that are important to maintain hehidupan: 1) to maintain brain tissue floats, works as a cushion or "shock absorbers", 2) to work as a vehicle for delivering nutrients to the brain and removing waste; and 3) to flow between the cranium and spine (spine) and compensates for changes in intracranial blood volume (amount of blood in the brain).

The balance between production and absorption (absorption) of the CSF is very important. Because CSF is made continuously, medical conditions that block the normal flow or absorption will result in an excessive accumulation of CSF. Fluid pressure that results from it to the brain tissue is what causes hydrocephalus.
Hydrocephalus may be inborn or acquired. Hydrocephalus is a congenital (from birth) are present at birth and may be caused by events or influences that occur during fetal development, or genetic abnormalities. Acquired hydrocephalus develops at birth or at some point afterward. This type of hydrocephalus can affect individuals of all ages and may be caused by injury or disease.Hydrocephalus may also be communicating or non-communicating. Communicating hydrocephalus occurs when the flow of CSF is blocked after it exits from the ventricles. This form is called communicating because the CSF can still flow between the ventricles, which remain open. Non-communicating hydrocephalus - also called "obstructive" hydrocephalus - occurs when the flow of CSF is blocked along with one or more of the roads narrow passage connecting the ventricles. One of the causes of the most common of hydrocephalus is "aqueductal stenosis". In this case, hydrocephalus results from a narrowing of the aqueduct of Sylvius, a small passageway between the third and fourth ventricles in the middle of the brain.
There are two other forms of hydrocephalus which do not fit precisely into the categories mentioned above and primarily affect adults: hydrocephalus ex-vacuo and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH).Hydrocephalus ex-vacuo occurs when stroke or traumatic injury causing damage to the brain. In these cases, brain tissue may actually shrink. Normal pressure hydrocephalus can occur in people at any age, but it is most common among the elderly. It may result from subarachnoid hemorrhage, head trauma, infection, tumor, or complications from surgery. However, many people develop normal pressure hydrocephalus even when none of these factors are present for reasons unknown.

Flu Drugs and Pregnancy

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